Dog Vaccination Guide: What Singapore Pawrents Need to Know

Why Vaccinations Matter in Singapore

Vaccinations form the backbone of preventive healthcare for dogs in Singapore. They protect against highly contagious and often life-threatening diseases that continue to circulate in the region. Even though Singapore maintains strong veterinary standards and public hygiene, infectious agents such as parvovirus and kennel cough remain common, particularly in multi-dog environments, grooming salons, pet hotels, and parks.

Vaccinating your dog not only safeguards their health but also reduces community-level risk. Unvaccinated dogs contribute to the spread of diseases that can place both pets and veterinary systems under strain. A consistent vaccination routine ensures early immunity and long-term protection.

Core vs Non-Core Vaccines

In Singapore, vaccinations fall into two broad categories: core and non-core. Core vaccines protect against severe, widespread diseases with high mortality rates. These are mandatory for responsible ownership.

Non-core vaccines are optional based on lifestyle, exposure risk, and your dog's environment.

Core vaccinations include:

• Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
• Canine Parvovirus (CPV)
• Canine Adenovirus (CAV)

Non-core vaccinations may include:

• Bordetella bronchiseptica (kennel cough)
• Canine Influenza
• Leptospirosis (required for certain environments)

Understanding Core Vaccines

Core vaccines offer foundational protection for all dogs regardless of age, breed, or lifestyle.

Canine Distemper Virus (CDV): A viral disease affecting the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. Distemper is often fatal and survivors may suffer long-term neurological issues.

Canine Parvovirus (CPV): A highly contagious virus causing severe vomiting and bloody diarrhoea. Parvovirus spreads easily and is particularly dangerous for puppies.

Canine Adenovirus (CAV): Protects against infectious canine hepatitis, which affects the liver, kidneys, and eyes. Severe cases can be fatal.

These three are commonly administered together as the DHPP or DA2PP vaccine.

Non-Core Vaccines and When They Are Needed

Non-core vaccines provide targeted protection depending on your dog’s lifestyle. In Singapore, the most common optional vaccine is for kennel cough, especially for dogs attending daycare, grooming salons, training facilities, or boarding kennels.

Kennel Cough (Bordetella): A respiratory infection spread via airborne droplets. Dogs in social or enclosed environments face higher exposure risk.

Leptospirosis: Caused by bacteria found in contaminated water or soil. Dogs that frequent parks, nature areas, or muddy trails may benefit from this vaccine.

Canine Influenza: Recommended for dogs frequently exposed to large groups or imported dogs.

Vaccination Schedule for Puppies

Singapore veterinarians follow a structured puppy vaccination timetable to ensure full immunity during the early developmental months.

Typical schedule:

• 6–8 weeks: First DHPP dose
• 10–12 weeks: Second DHPP dose
• 14–16 weeks: Third DHPP dose
• Optional: Bordetella at 8–12 weeks

Puppies rely partly on maternal antibodies at birth, but these wane quickly. Timely vaccinations bridge the gap and prevent vulnerability.

Vaccination Schedule for Adult Dogs

Adult dogs require regular boosters to maintain immunity.

Typical booster frequency:

• DHPP: Every 1 to 3 years depending on your vet’s protocol• Bordetella: Every 6 to 12 months if relevant• Leptospirosis: Usually every 12 months

Boosters maintain long-term protection and ensure community safety. Even indoor-only dogs require core vaccination boosters.

Costs of Dog Vaccination in Singapore

Vaccination costs vary depending on the clinic and vaccine type. On average:

• DHPP / DA2PP: $50–$90 per dose• Bordetella: $45–$70• Leptospirosis: $40–$80• Puppy full series: $150–$250 total

While costs differ, vaccinations remain one of the most affordable components of long-term dog healthcare.

Possible Side Effects and What to Expect

Most dogs tolerate vaccinations well, experiencing only mild and temporary effects such as:

• Slight lethargy• Mild swelling at injection site• Reduced appetite

Less common but important reactions include:

• Persistent vomiting• Facial swelling• Breathing difficulty

In these cases, immediate veterinary attention is required.

How to Prepare Your Dog for Vaccination

Preparation helps minimise stress for both dog and pawrent.

Guidelines:

• Ensure your dog is healthy and eating well.
• Avoid scheduling heavy exercise before the appointment.
• Bring prior vaccination records.
• Keep your dog calm and leashed.

Dogs generally respond better when appointments are smooth, predictable, and minimally stressful.

What Happens If You Miss a Vaccination?

Missing vaccinations can reduce your dog’s immunity, increasing their vulnerability. If a booster is missed, your vet may recommend restarting the vaccination series depending on how long it has been overdue.

Regular reminders and scheduling early help avoid gaps in protection.

Vaccinations and Licensing Requirements in Singapore

Singapore’s licensing regulations require dogs to be vaccinated for rabies if imported, and up-to-date core vaccinations are strongly encouraged by NParks. Although rabies is not present locally, vaccination helps maintain public safety standards.

Licensed dogs must have accurate and updated vaccination records, especially during renewals.

Choosing the Right Vet for Vaccinations

When selecting a veterinary clinic, consider:

• Clinic reputation and accessibility
• Clarity of vaccination protocols
• Whether they offer reminders for boosters
• Comfort level for your dog

A reliable veterinary partner helps maintain consistent preventive care over your dog’s lifetime.

Vaccinations as a Long-Term Health Commitment

Vaccinating your dog is a fundamental aspect of responsible ownership in Singapore. It ensures protection against preventable diseases and supports a healthier pet community.

By understanding vaccination schedules, coverage types, and practical considerations, pawrents can make informed decisions that safeguard their dogs’ long-term health and wellbeing.